{"id":474,"date":"2026-10-15T08:19:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T08:19:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/?p=474"},"modified":"2026-10-15T08:36:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T08:36:24","slug":"what-is-xirr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/what-is-xirr\/","title":{"rendered":"XIRR Explained: Formula, Calculation &#038; Real Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>XIRR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or <\/span><b>Extended Internal Rate of Return<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, calculates the annualized return on an investment when you invest or withdraw money on different dates. It considers both the amount of each cash flow and the date it occurred.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A SIP is a simple example. You invest a fixed amount at regular intervals, so each installment has a different investment date. XIRR can help you work out the return on your overall investment, taking those different dates into account. The same method can be used for mutual funds with multiple purchases, stock portfolios with several buy and sell transactions, and investments where you make additional deposits or withdrawals.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Why do investors need XIRR?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you make multiple investments at different times, a simple return percentage does not fully account for how long each amount was invested.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-477 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-1024x583.jpg\" alt=\"why do investors need xirr\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-1024x583.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-768x437.jpg 768w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-512x291.jpg 512w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr-920x523.jpg 920w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-do-investors-need-xirr.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For instance, you invest \u20b950,000 in January, another \u20b920,000 in May, and \u20b915,000 in December. The first \u20b950,000 has had much more time to grow than the \u20b915,000 invested near the end of the year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR takes those different investment dates into account. You can use it for:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SIP investments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multiple mutual fund purchases<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stock purchases made on different dates<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional portfolio investments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Partial withdrawals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Systematic withdrawal plans<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dividend receipts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investments with irregular cash flows<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Microsoft describes Excel&#8217;s XIRR function as calculating the internal rate of return for cash flows that are not necessarily periodic.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Why does XIRR matter for Indian investors?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For many Indian investors, SIPs are a regular part of how they invest. But because each SIP installment is invested on a different date, each installment has a different amount of time to grow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That makes the timing of your investments important when you calculate your overall return.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scale of SIP investing in India makes this especially relevant. The Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) reported <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amfiindia.com\/mutual-fund\"><b>\u20b932,297 crore<\/b><\/a><b> in SIP contributions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">across <\/span><b>10.02 crore contributing SIP accounts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in August 2026. In other words, millions of investors are putting money into mutual funds at regular intervals rather than investing one lump sum at a time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR gives you a more meaningful picture of how that money has performed over time. It can also help you see how your actual investment performance compares with the return shown for the investment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The same applies to stocks. If you buy shares at different times, add more money later, and sell some of your holdings, you end up with a series of cash flows on different dates. XIRR can use those dates to calculate the return.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How does XIRR work?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR uses two things:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cash flows<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or money moving into or out of an investment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, showing when each cash flow occurred<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Date<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Cash flow<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Transaction<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b910,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investment<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">July 1, 2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b95,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional investment<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2026<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+\u20b917,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amount received<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Money invested is generally shown as a <\/span><b>negative cash flow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> because it leaves your account.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Money received from the investment is generally shown as a <\/span><b>positive cash flow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> because it comes back to you.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using these amounts and dates, XIRR works out the annualized rate that makes the value of all the cash flows equal to zero.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Excel, the calculation uses the actual dates of the cash flows and a 365-day year for annualization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mathematical formula is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u03a3 [P\u1d62 \/ (1 + r)^((d\u1d62 \u2212 d\u2081) \/ 365)] = 0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>P\u1d62<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = each cash flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>d\u1d62<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = the date of that cash flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>d\u2081<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = the date of the first cash flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>r<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = XIRR<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>365<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> = number of days used for annualization<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You don&#8217;t need to calculate XIRR yourself using the mathematical formula. Investment platforms and XIRR calculators can do it for you. In Excel, you can also use the built-in <\/span><b>XIRR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> function by entering your cash flows and their corresponding dates.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>XIRR example<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suppose an investor makes three investments:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Date<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Cash flow<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b910,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">July 1, 2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b95,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b95,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2026<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+\u20b924,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The total amount invested is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u20b910,000 + \u20b95,000 + \u20b95,000 = \u20b920,000<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The final value is <\/span><b>\u20b924,000<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, the total profit is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u20b924,000 \u2212 \u20b920,000 = \u20b94,000<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The absolute return is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u20b94,000 \u00f7 \u20b920,000 \u00d7 100 = 20%<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the XIRR is approximately <\/span><b>11.78%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Measure<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Result<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total invested<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b920,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Final value<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b924,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profit<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u20b94,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Absolute return<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>11.78%<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>Why is XIRR lower than the 20% absolute return?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because the entire \u20b920,000 was not invested for the same length of time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first \u20b910,000 was invested for two years, the next \u20b95,000 for 18 months, and the final \u20b95,000 for one year. XIRR accounts for these different investment periods when calculating the annualized return.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this example, 20% is the total gain relative to the amount invested, while 11.78% is the annualized return after accounting for when the money was invested.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-478 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-1024x583.jpg\" alt=\"why is xirr lower than the 20 percent absolute return\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-1024x583.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-768x437.jpg 768w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-512x291.jpg 512w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return-920x523.jpg 920w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/why-is-xirr-lower-than-the-20-percent-absolute-return.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to calculate XIRR<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To calculate XIRR, you need the <\/span><b>amount and date of every relevant cash flow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the investment, this can include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each investment or purchase<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional investments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Withdrawals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dividends or other amounts received<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The final amount received<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The current value of an investment, if you are calculating its return up to today<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enter investments as <\/span><b>negative values<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and amounts received as <\/span><b>positive values<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Date<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Cash flow<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b910,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">July 1, 2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b95,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-\u20b95,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">January 1, 2026<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+\u20b924,000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dates must correspond to the correct cash-flow amounts. A missing transaction or incorrect date can change the XIRR result.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can then enter the cash flows and dates into an XIRR calculator or use the XIRR function in Excel.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to calculate XIRR in Excel<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excel has a built-in <\/span><b>XIRR function<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that calculates the annualized return for cash flows that occur on different dates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The syntax is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>=XIRR(values, dates, [guess])<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, suppose your data is entered like this:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Date<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Cash flow<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">01-Jan-2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-10000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">01-Jul-2024<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-5000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">01-Jan-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-5000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">01-Jan-2026<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">24000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-475 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-1024x583.jpg\" alt=\"how to calculate xirr in excel\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-1024x583.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-768x437.jpg 768w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-512x291.jpg 512w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel-920x523.jpg 920w, https:\/\/growprofit.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/how-to-calculate-xirr-in-excel.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the dates are in <\/span><b>A2:A5<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the cash flows are in <\/span><b>B2:B5<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, enter:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>=XIRR(B2:B5,A2:A5)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excel will return an XIRR of approximately:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>11.78%<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to interpret XIRR<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR is an <\/span><b>annualized return that takes the timing of each cash flow into account<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, an XIRR of <\/span><b>11.78%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> means the investment generated an annualized return of approximately 11.78% based on the amounts and dates of the cash flows.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does <\/span><b>not<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mean the investment increased by exactly 11.78% every year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The value of an investment can rise or fall over time depending on the investment, market conditions, and timing of the cash flows.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>XIRR vs absolute return vs CAGR<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR, absolute return, and CAGR measure returns in different ways.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Metric<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>What it measures<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Multiple cash flows?<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Considers cash-flow timing?<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Absolute Return<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total gain or loss as a percentage<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>CAGR<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annualized growth between a beginning and ending value<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Generally no<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>XIRR<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annualized return based on dated cash flows<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>XIRR vs absolute return<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>Absolute return<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shows the total gain or loss on an investment as a percentage of the amount invested. It does not account for how long individual amounts were invested.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>XIRR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> calculates an annualized return using the timing of each cash flow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For investments with multiple cash flows, that makes XIRR more useful than absolute return for understanding the annualized return.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the earlier example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Absolute return:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 20%<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>XIRR:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 11.78%<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The difference comes from the timing of the investments.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>XIRR vs CAGR<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>CAGR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> stands for <\/span><b>Compound Annual Growth Rate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It expresses the annualized growth rate between a beginning value and an ending value over a defined period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CAGR is generally used when you have a beginning value, an ending value, and a defined investment period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR is meant for situations where there are multiple cash flows on different dates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A \u20b91 lakh lump-sum investment that grows to \u20b91.5 lakh over three years can be evaluated using CAGR.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A portfolio where you invest \u20b910,000 in January, another \u20b95,000 in July, and another \u20b95,000 the following January can be evaluated using XIRR because each investment has a different date.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Common mistakes when calculating XIRR<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even a small error in your cash-flow data can change the XIRR result. Some common mistakes include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leaving out an investment, withdrawal, dividend, or other relevant cash flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entering the wrong transaction date<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using the wrong positive or negative sign for a cash flow<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using an incorrect current or final investment value<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treating investments made on different dates as though they happened on the same date<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entering dates that do not correspond to the correct transaction amounts<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use the actual transaction amounts and dates from your investment records.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What are the limitations of XIRR?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR is only as accurate as the information you put into it. If a transaction is missing or a date is wrong, the result will be wrong too.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR measures the annualized return based on your cash flows. It does not tell you whether an investment is suitable for your risk level, explain why the investment gained or lost value, or predict its future performance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A high or low XIRR by itself should not be treated as a complete assessment of an investment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>Is XIRR better than absolute return?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR and absolute return measure different things. Absolute return shows the total gain or loss, while XIRR calculates an annualized return that accounts for the timing of cash flows.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For investments with multiple cash flows, XIRR provides information that absolute return does not.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Is XIRR the same as CAGR?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No. <\/span><b>XIRR and CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> both express returns as an annualized rate, but they are used in different situations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR accounts for multiple cash flows occurring on different dates, while CAGR is generally used when there is a beginning value, an ending value, and a defined investment period.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Can XIRR be used for SIPs?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. XIRR can be used for SIPs because each SIP installment is a separate cash flow with its own investment date.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XIRR considers the amount and timing of each installment when calculating the annualized return.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Can XIRR be negative?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. XIRR can be negative when the value received from an investment is lower, relative to the timing and amounts of the cash flows, than the amount invested.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Does XIRR account for the timing of investments?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. XIRR uses the date of each cash flow when calculating the annualized return.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is what makes it useful for investments involving multiple deposits, investments, or withdrawals.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>What information do I need to calculate XIRR?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You need the <\/span><b>amount and date of each relevant cash flow<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can include investments, withdrawals, dividends, and the final value or amount received from the investment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Can I calculate XIRR in Excel?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. Excel has a built-in XIRR function.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your cash flows are in cells B2:B5 and the corresponding dates are in A2:A5, use:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>=XIRR(B2:B5,A2:A5)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excel will calculate the annualized return based on those cash flows and dates.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"XIRR, or Extended Internal Rate of Return, calculates the annualized return on an investment when you invest or&hellip;","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":476,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_display_header_overlay":false,"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-costs-and-tax-records","cs-entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is XIRR? 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